Spatial Analysis Center, Yellowstone National Park Unpublished Material map The growth of the 1988 fires in the Greater Yellowstone Area from July 14 to October 1 is represented in the form of daily fire perimeter maps. Major fires included in the dataset are the North Fork-Wolf Lake, Fan, Hellroaring, Storm Creek, Clover-Mist, Huck, Mink, and the Snake Complex, consisting of the Falls, Red, and Shoshone Fires. This fire record integrates information and data from a variety of sources, including daily infrared photography flights, satellite imagery, ground and aerial reconnaissance, command center intelligence, and the personal recollections of fire behavior observers. Using GRASS GIS software, fire position was digitized from topographic maps to construct a file of daily fire location in vector format. The fire perimeter layer contains polygons made up of perimeters representing the fire position, each with a single attribute of date. The major fire the polygon belongs to is also identified. Large unburned areas within the fires' perimeters were excluded when possible, but the fires burned as mosaics and many small patches of unburned vegetation could not be identified or excluded. Thus the area within the final perimeter will overpredict the actual area burned. This research effort was initiated soon after the fires were over to reconstruct the fire behavior and the conditions that produced 3 months of large-fire growth. The purpose was to put together a data set suitable for analyzing large-fire growth. Of particular importance to further study are growth progression, rates of spread, and relation of fire progress to weather and terrain. One of the key elements of this work has been a comprehensive effort to resolve conflicting or incomplete data and to develop maps accurately depicting the growth of the fires. Considerable thought and care were given to preparation of the fire perimeter map, but there are many potential sources of error; the data should not be considered to be the absolute truth. Boundaries, streams, and sites used for reference at map production scales were taken from a variety of sources and were digitized at a variety of scales. These results should not be considered for determining legal questions such as whether or when a fire burned a particular feature. Two aircrafts (with infrared scanners) were available until late August, when one was sent to other fires. Unfortunately, the largest fire growth was taking place at this time, and one aircraft could not cover all of the active fire perimeter in one night of flying. Areas on the Snake Complex in the south, the Clover-Mist Fire in the eastern section, and the North Fork-Wolf Lake Fire were not well mapped late in the summer. 19880614 19881001 Observed Complete None Planned -111.2265 -109.4555 45.329 43.9205 Yellowstone National Park and areas to the north, south, east, and west of the park that include the full extent of the 1988 fires. None Fire Wildland fire ecosystem fire growth fire perimeter None National Park Service, NPS, Department of the Interior, DOI, US Government United States of America, US, USA, North America Yellowstone National Park, YNP, YELL, Greater Yellowstone Area, GYA, Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, GYE, Park County, Teton County, Fremont County, Gallatin County, Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Northern Rocky Mountains None 1988 National Park System Unit Code ThesaurusYELL National Park System Unit Name ThesaurusYellowstone National Park National Park Service Theme Category ThesaurusFire ISO 19115 Topic CategoryEnvironment None see Supplemental Information section Spatial Analysis Center - Yellowstone National Park GIS Specialist Mailing Address

Yellowstone Center for Resources

Spatial Analysis Center

P.O. Box 168

Yellowstone National Park Wyoming 82190 USA (307) 344-2246 (307) 344-2211 yell_gis@nps.gov 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. (Mountain Time) Monday Through Friday Please check web site first: http://www.nps.gov/yell/technical/gis f88perim.gif 1988 Fire Perimeter Browse Graphic GIF None Unclassified None NT-ARC/INFO http://nrdata.nps.gov/yell/yelldata/yell_fire88perim.xml Spatial Analysis Center, Yellowstone National Park Unpublished Material map Most map dates could be verified by one or more sources of information. In areas flown and mapped daily, the headquarter's map perimeters and dates were corrected with a high degree of certainty. Some of the fire locations in the interior of the fire were uncertain due to large-scale fire activity and the lack of time and resources to map all perimeters. In these cases experience in fire behavior along with weather records and topography were used to identify probable dates and perimeter locations. When an area was not observed for several days, a "best guess" date was assigned based on written descriptions or interviews with fire behavior specialists assigned to the fires. When neither of these methods could be used, the areas were dated as "burned by" the date the perimeter was finally flown. Infrared imaging flights were often made after midnight; the dates for some polygons had originally been set by the date of the IR flight instead of the burn-period date. Infrared flight map times and dates and some IR flight log information were used to verify or correct dates of fire growth. Through these efforts, most map dates could be verified by one or more sources of information. The fires rarely stopped moving at the end of the day, and the time of the depicted fire growth snapshot was not the same for every 24-hour period. Consequently, fires that made a continuous run past midnight are shown as spreading on two separate days. This is especially noticeable from late August until September 10. All polygons have complete topology as verified by ARC/INFO vs. 7.0 for UNIX. All polygons have valid labels and attributes. All available data on fire perimeters were included. Large unburned areas within the fires' perimeters were excluded when possible, but the fires burned as mosaics and many small patches of unburned vegetation could not be identified or excluded. Some of the fire locations in the interior of the fire were uncertain due to large-scale fire activity and the lack of time and resources to map all perimeters. In these cases experience in fire behavior along with weather records and topography were used to identify probable perimeter locations. In some cases, two or more versions of the daily fire position were found on maps from different sources. Chronology, weather reports, and the team's shift plan notes were used to select the most probable fire location. The final perimeter of this fire growth mapwas compared to the fire intensity map of YNP to locate burned areas not included on the original headquarters map. Some of the outermost perimeters were matched to the final perimeter shown on the fire intensity map and dated by the fire chronology report. Kork Systems, Inc. Unpublished Material Remote-Sensing Image 24000 Paper 19881001 Ground Condition Aerial Photos Identification of areas that were actively burning and later for verification of burn perimeters. Spatial Analysis Center, Yellowstone National Park Unpublished Material Map stored in Yellowstone Archives 62500 Paper 19881001 Ground Condition Fire Growth Maps Used as source of fire perimeter lines USDA USDI 19881001 Lakewood, Colorado USDA Forest Service Region 2; NPS; Rocky Mountain Region Phase II Report; 207 pp Paper 19881001 Date of Publication Fire Situation Verification of the data on the composite wall map (quads) YNP Fire Cache staff Unpublished Material Map Stored in the Yellowstone Archives 62500 Paper 19881001 Ground Condition Fire Maps reconstruct fire perimeters where the data wasn't available from the IR overlays NPS and USFS fire teams in YNP, 1988 Unpublished Material Yellowstone Archives Paper 19881001 Ground Condition Fire Team Files reconstruct fire perimeters where the data wasn't available from the IR overlays YNP Fire Cache staff, 1988 19881001 Yellowstone Archives Paper 19881001 Ground Condition Fire Team Shift Plans The determine which perimeter was most probable if more than one version existed. Spatial Analysis Center, Yellowstone National Park 19890101 Map Mammoth, Wyoming Yellowstone National Park Report by the Division of Research and Geographic Information Systems Laboratory, Yellowstone National Park 250000 Disc 19890101 Date of Publication Fire Intensity Map was used to overlay with fire perimeter maps to locate burned areas not included in the composite wall map. National Weather Service, Boise, ID Unpublished Material Document Paper 19881001 Ground Condition Weather Reports If more than one version of a fire perimeter existed, the most probable perimeter was located using chronology reports, weather reports, and shift plan notes. Interagency Fire Center, Boise, ID Unpublished Material stored at the YNP Archives Paper 19881001 Ground Condition Flight Line Maps and Flight Log Information When flight dates were recorded instead of burn date, they were corrected using IR flight line map times and IR flight log information. Rothermel, Richard C. Hartford, Roberta A. Chase, Carolyn H. 19940101 Map General Technical Report INT-304 Ogden, UT USDA Forest Service Rothermel, R. C.; Hartford, R. A.; Chase, C. H. 1994. Fire growth maps for the 1988 Greater Yellowstone Area Fires. General Technical Report INT-304. Ogden, UT: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 64 p. Paper 19880630 19881001 Observed 1988 Fire Growth Maps This is the original study and data format for this layer. Data from IR scanner flights were transferred by hand to 1:62,500 USGS quad maps (the composite "wall map") and digitized sometime after 1988 in GRASS. The fire perimeters were verified by IR scanner overlays and fire chronology reports. For the days prior to the IR scanner flights and for days when IR data was not available, fire perimeters were reconstructed using maps from the park archives and additional documentation from the files of individual fire teams. If more than one version of a fire perimeter existed, the most probable perimeter was located using chronology reports, weather reports, and shift plan notes. When flight dates were recorded instead of burn date, they were corrected using IR flight line map times and IR flight log information. An overlay of the fire intensity map was used to locate perimeters not included on the composite wall map. Unburned pockets were excluded where possible. 19930101 Converted from a GRASS vector file to Arc/Info on UNIX coverage and cleaned up in ArcEdit. Spurious lines were removed, and unclosed polygons were fixed. Coverage was then reprojected from UTM NAD27 into UTM NAD83. 19950601 Spatial Analysis Center - Yellowstone National Park GIS Specialist mailing address

Yellowstone Center for Resources

Spatial Analysis Center

P. O. Box 168

Yellowstone National Park Wyoming 82190 USA (307) 344-2246 (307) 344-2211 yell_gis@nps.gov 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.(Mountain Time) Monday Through Friday Please check web site first: http://www.nps.gov/yell/technical/gis Vector G-Polygon 12 .9996 -111 0 500000 0 coordinate pair .61 .61 Meters North American Datum of 1983 Geodedic Reference System 80 6378137 298.26 The polygons in the data base depict daily fire perimeters of the major fires in Yellowstone National Park (North Fork-Wolf Lake, Fan, Hellroaring, Storm Creek, Clover-Mist, Huck, Mink, and the Snake Complex, consisting of the Falls, Red, and Shoshone Fires). The fire to which an polygon belongs is indicated in the item FIRE in the data base. Each polygon is labeled with the date when the fire burned this area. The dates in the item DATE range from 6/30 to 10/1. The item CATEGORY contains a number which is different for each separate date. The item may serve as a selection item. Rothermel, R. C.; Hartford R. A.; Chase, C. H. (1994). Fire growth Maps for the 1988 Greater Yellowstone Area Fires. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. General Technical Report INT-304. Ogden, UT National Park Service, Intermountain GIS Program Office GIS Coordinator/GIS Specialist Mailing and physical address

12795 West Alameda Parkway

Lakewood Colorado 80225 USA imro_gis_coordinator@nps.gov yell_fire88perim.e00.zip The National Park Service shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. These data and related graphics ("GIF" format files) are not legal documents and are not intended to be used as such. The information contained in these data is dynamic and may change over time. The data are not better than the original sources from which they were derived. It is the responsibility of the data user to use the data appropriately and consistent within the limitations of geospatial data in general and these data in particular. The related graphics are intended to aid the data user in acquiring relevant data; it is not appropriate to use the related graphics as data. The National Park Service gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of these data. It is strongly recommended that these data are directly acquired from an NPS server and not indirectly through other sources which may have changed the data in some way. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the National Park Service, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the utility of the data on another system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. This disclaimer applies both to individual use of the data and aggregate use with other data. None None Dataset available on the NPS Spatial Data Clearinghouse: www.nps.gov/gis/available_data.html. ARCE Version 8.0.1 .e00 .739 http://nrdata.nps.gov/yell/yelldata/yell_fire88perim.zip None Dataset available at any time via the world wide web. 20001004 Spatial Analysis Center - Yellowstone National Park GIS Specialist Mailing Address

Yellowstone Center for Resources

Spatial Analysis Center

P.O. Box 168

Yellowstone National Park Wyoming 82190 USA (307) 344-2246 (307) 344-2211 yell_gis@nps.gov 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. (Mountain Time) Monday Through Friday Please check web site first: http://www.nps.gov/yell/technical/gis FGDC Content Standards For Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 None None None Unclassified None 20051118 20040524 NPS CSDGM OnlineData Park YELL Yellowstone National Park Ann Rodman ann_rodman@nps.gov NR-GIS Fire 21264